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How CRED Works

  • A new analytical methodology for understanding complex systems.
  • Developed for decision-making situations where traditional models fall short.

Background and purpose

The CRED method is developed for the analysis of complex systems where linear cause–effect, sector-specific assessments, and isolated indicators provide an insufficient basis for decision-making. Such systems are often characterised by high complexity, mutual dependence between subsystems, conflicting objectives, and consequences that only materialise over time.

The purpose of the method is to provide a more realistic, holistic, and actionable understanding of how a system actually functions—and which dynamics shape its development.

A systemic approach to analysis

CRED differs from established analytical methods by not starting from individual variables, predefined indicators, or assumed causal relationships. Instead, the system is analysed as a whole, with a focus on how structure, relationships, and dynamics interact over time.

This approach makes it possible to identify patterns and mechanisms that often remain invisible in traditional analyses, particularly where:

  • decisions are made across sectors and levels of governance
  • formal governance diverges from actual practice
  • the system behaves differently than planned
  • risk and vulnerability are distributed and indirect

Methodological core

Without going into patent-sensitive methodology, the core of CRED can be described through a set of overarching analytical principles:

  • Systemic holistic analysis
    Systems are understood as coherent structures, not as the sum of isolated parts.
  • Dynamic assessment
    The analysis focuses on development over time, not merely on the present state.
  • Structural realism
    Actual power relations, incentives, and constraints are prioritised over formal descriptions.
  • Field-based understanding
    The interaction between actors, structures, and contextual conditions is analysed as a single, integrated field.

These principles make it possible to identify both stabilising and destabilising mechanisms within a system, and to understand why interventions often produce unintended or delayed effects.

Structured coordinate system

To analyse relational patterns, CRED employs a stable, global, and mathematically defined dataset that functions as a structured coordinate system.

This dataset is not used as a causal explanation, but as a reference framework for mapping structural relationships, tensions, and mutual influences within a system.

In the same way that geographic coordinates do not cause landscapes but make them precisely describable, this coordinate system enables consistent and verifiable structural analysis.

What the CRED method reveals

A CRED analysis is descriptive and non-normative. It does not seek to provide ready-made recommendations, but rather to offer a more realistic picture of the system’s actual state and its likely development paths.

Typical insights include:

  • underlying structural weaknesses
  • hidden dependencies and linkages
  • tensions between objectives, instruments, and actual dynamics
  • asymmetries in influence and decision-making power
  • systemic risks not captured by sector-specific analyses

Scope and application

The CRED method is developed for analysis at the system level. It is not applied at the individual level and does not use personal data.

The method is particularly well suited to situations where:

  • decisions have major or irreversible consequences
  • complexity and uncertainty are high
  • traditional analyses produce conflicting or insufficient answers
  • holistic understanding is critical to decision quality

Status and methodological protection

The CRED method is independently developed and patent pending. The methodology is continuously refined through practical application, evaluation, and methodological improvement.

Public documentation describes the method’s purpose, principles, and areas of application. Detailed operational implementation and internal mechanisms are protected.